Category Archives: Philosophy

No Dilemma for the Proponent of the Transcendental Argument (James N. Anderson)

“No Dilemma for the Proponent of the Transcendental Argument: A Response to David Reiter” by James N. Anderson

David Reiter has recently argued that presuppositionalists who champion the transcendental argument for God’s existence (“TAG”) face a dilemma: depending on what conclusion the argument is supposed to establish, either TAG is inadequate to deliver that conclusion or else TAG is superfluous (thus bringing into question claims about its importance and distinctiveness as a theistic argument). By way of reply, I contend that several plausible lines of response are available to the proponent of TAG in the face of this purported dilemma.

If Knowledge Then God (James N. Anderson)

“If Knowledge Then God: The Epistemological Theistic Arguments of Plantinga and Van Til” by James N. Anderson

The two Christian philosophers Alvin Plantinga and Cornelius Van Til have much in common in terms of their religious upbringing, their education, their approach to Christian philosophy, and their work on the relationship between epistemology and metaphysics. In particular, both have claimed that the existence of God is in some weighty sense a precondition of human knowledge. In this paper, I review and compare a selection of epistemological theistic arguments inspired by their writings — three from Plantinga and four from Van Til — and through drawing attention to significant points of similarity and difference suggest some ways in which such arguments might be further developed with an eye to insights gleaned from these two thinkers.

Cornelius Van Til and Alvin Plantinga: A Brief Comparison (James N. Anderson)

“Cornelius Van Til and Alvin Plantinga: A Brief Comparison” by James N. Anderson

Note: The following comments were first posted to the reformed-epistemology discussion group in July 2001, in response to a query about the main areas of agreement and disagreement between these two Christian thinkers. I have corrected a few typos, made some minor changes of wording, and added relevant hyperlinks. …

Analogical Knowledge (James D. Baird)

“Analogical Knowledge: A Systematic Interpretation of Cornelius Van Til’s Theological Epistemology” by James D. Baird

William D. Dennison in his 1995 article, “Analytic Philosophy and Van Til’s Epistemology,” argued that Cecil De Boer, Jesse De Boer, and John M. Frame misunderstood the epistemology of Cornelius Van Til (1895–1987). The De Boers endeavored to make sense of Van Til’s epistemology by examining his terminology and its historic philosophical usage. This led them to interpret Van Til according to a philosophical tradition he openly opposed: idealism. Frame followed, in Dennison’s view, a more commendable route amongst Van Til scholars as Frame recognized that Van Til’s epistemology is inherently biblical, even though Van Til employed idealist terminology. Frame attempted to advance Van Til’s thought, while cleaning up his complex idealistic language for philosophical clarity and the practical purposes of the church. Still, Dennison pointed out, what resulted in Frame’s case was a perspectival epistemology that neglected the “main rubric of Van Til’s own epistemology—the philosophy of history.” In Dennison’s estimation, the De Boers and Frame implemented analytic philosophical methods of interpretation that were inadequateto comprehend the holistic, redemptive-historical structure of Van Til’s epistemology. Dennison concluded, “Herein lies the crux of the problem: both the De Boers and Frame failed to perceive the importance and centrality of the ‘story’ of Scripture (redemptive history) in Van Til’s epistemology.” Furthermore, according to Dennison, to recognize the centrality of redemptive history in Van Til’s epistemology is to perceive nothing less than the influence of Van Til’s biblical theology professor at Princeton, Geerhardus Vos. …

Does God Observe the Law of Contradiction? . . . Should We? (Richard L. Pratt)

“Does God Observe the Law of Contradiction? . . . Should We?” by Richard L. Pratt

An issue that often arises in theological education is the role of the law of (non) contradiction in theological studies. In evangelical circles students encounter a wide range of viewpoints. Some theologians appear to argue that the law of contradiction is the final arbiter of truth; others seem to deny the law any normative role in the theological enterprise. An assortment of outlooks appears at many points between these extremes. In this paper, I will briefly present my own perspectives on the function of the law of contradiction in theology. Put simply, I will focus on the questions: Does God observe the law of contradiction? Should we?

Pragmatism, Prejudice, and Presuppositionalism (Greg L. Bahnsen)

“Pragmatism, Prejudice, and Presuppositionalism” by Greg L. Bahnsen

This essay cannot attempt to do justice to the multiple avenues traversed by twentieth-century philosophers; they constitute a maze of both overlapping and divergent lines of thought: idealism, realism, phenomenology, process philosophy, existentialism, positivism, pragmatism, and linguisticanalysis. Each has a claim on the Christian scholar’s attention. However, we must narrow the field. It  is reasonably accurate to distinguish the emphasis on phenomenology and existentialism on the Continent from the dominance of pragmatism and analysis in England and America. Since the present study is being done in the context of Anglo-American scholarship, we shall focus our attention on the schools of pragmatism and linguistic analysis-all the while recognizing the affinities which can be seen between them and aspects of European thought. Three prominent philosophers in these traditions who have had distinctive proposals in the theory of knowledge are John Dewey, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and John L. Austin; as will be later exhibited; common elements in their approaches bind them together in various ways. …

On Worshiping the Creature Rather Than the Creator (Greg L. Bahnsen)

“On Worshiping the Creature Rather Than the Creator” by Greg L. Bahnsen

Darwinism dawned and cast its glaring rays upon the life of the English novelist and poet, Thomas Hardy. Hardy discerned that the evolutionary theory was not a restricted biological hypothesis but a new worldview with profound theological consequences, as illustrated in A Plaint to Man (from God): …

Reforming Ontology and Logic in the Light of the Trinity (Vern S. Poythress)

“Reforming Ontology and Logic in the Light of the Trinity: An Application of Van Til’s Idea of Analogy” by Vern S. Poythress

Reflection on John 1:1 can lead us in reforming our conceptions of fundamental philosophical categories and logic.

 

John 1:1 shows that understanding the Trinity involves three aspects inextricably.  First, there is classification.  Each Person of the Trinity is classified as God.  Second, there is instantiation.  Each Person is particular, an “instantiation” of God, distinct from the other Persons.  Third, there is an associational aspect.  Each Person exists in association and communion with the other Persons (“the Word was with God”). …

The Reformed View of Education (Cornelius Van Til)

“The Reformed View of Education” by Cornelius Van Til

Only upon a Reformed basis can God really be made central in education. This is true because only in the Reformed system are Christ and the Holy Spirit really central in education. The Reformed view is based exclusively upon the Bible. The doctrines of creation and providence imply that God originates and arranges all the facts of the universe according to a “logic” that is above man. Man’s systems must therefore be consciously analogical to the system of God. …